Which of the following is a type of differential reinforcement aimed at reducing the frequency of problem behavior?

Differential reinforcement of low rates of responding (DRL) is specifically designed to reduce the frequency of a behavior while still allowing for the occurrence of that behavior but at lower rates. This approach is particularly useful for behaviors that may not need to be completely eliminated but should occur less frequently to be more appropriate or functional.

For example, if a student frequently raises their hand in class, a DRL strategy would reinforce the student for raising their hand a limited number of times, gradually decreasing that number over time. This encourages the student to engage in the desired behavior, but at a more acceptable rate, thereby reducing excessive occurrences.

This strategy is different from other types of differential reinforcement. Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) focuses on reinforcing a desirable alternative behavior instead of reducing the undesirable one. Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) requires reinforcing behaviors that cannot occur simultaneously with the problem behavior. Lastly, differential reinforcement of high rates of responding (DRH) seeks to increase the frequency of a desired behavior rather than reduce an undesired one.

In summary, DRL is the correct choice because it directly aims to reduce the frequency of problem behavior while still acknowledging and allowing for the behavior to occur at a lower, more appropriate rate.