What would be an example of positive reinforcement?

The answer is indeed giving praise after completing a task. This situation exemplifies positive reinforcement because it involves adding a stimulus, in this case, praise, following a desired behavior, which is task completion. The purpose of positive reinforcement is to increase the likelihood that the behavior will occur again in the future. When an individual receives praise after completing a task, it encourages them to continue performing that behavior to receive similar positive feedback in the future.

Positive reinforcement is a core concept in behavior analysis, where the addition of a rewarding stimulus increases the frequency of the behavior it follows. In this scenario, the praise serves as a motivating factor that can enhance the individual's self-esteem and desire to engage in the task again.

The other options presented represent different behavioral strategies. Taking away a privilege for misbehavior constitutes a form of punishment, which is intended to decrease undesirable behaviors rather than increase desirable ones. Withholding a reward for undesirable behavior also serves as a punitive measure aimed at discouraging certain actions. Establishing rules to deter negative behavior can be viewed as a preventative strategy, creating a framework for expected behavior but it doesn't enhance positive behavior through rewards.