What does a descriptive functional behavior assessment (FBA) involve?

A descriptive functional behavior assessment (FBA) primarily involves the direct observation of behavior, along with the identification of antecedents (what happens before a behavior occurs) and consequences (what happens after the behavior). This method aims to gather information about the context in which the behavior occurs, providing insight into why the behavior may be happening. By observing the interactions and events surrounding the behavior in real-time, practitioners can identify patterns and potential triggers, which are crucial for developing effective interventions.

The other approaches listed do not encompass the comprehensive nature of a descriptive FBA. An analysis of past behavior only would miss real-time contextual factors that could influence the behavior. Relying solely on interviews with caregivers limits the understanding to subjective reports rather than objective data. Meanwhile, statistical analysis of behavior patterns would not directly involve observing the behavior itself or understanding the specific antecedents and consequences crucial for tailoring intervention strategies. Thus, choice B accurately reflects the core components of a descriptive functional behavior assessment.